The University of Queensland sets no single referencing style. UQ Library's referencing style guides page says some schools or disciplines use a standard style and tells students to check the course profile or ask the lecturer or tutor (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-i). The Library's subject guides then name a style school by school, and APA 7th is the one they name most often.
EdCitation is not affiliated with the University of Queensland; this follows its public library guide, checked on 2 October 2026.
Below: which style each school's pages name, the rules of UQ's APA 7th and Vancouver (AMA) guides, a worked example, and what to fix by hand after EdCitation's free Cite a source builds an entry, with what it and Verify references returned on UQ sources. For other universities, see referencing at Australian universities.
Which referencing style does UQ use?
The one your course profile names. The Library's referencing page lists eight styles, ACS, AGLC, APA 7th, Chicago 18th, CSE, IEEE, MLA 9th and Vancouver (AMA), and adds the ABC Style Guide for journalism and the School of Music's own style sheet; for ACS, CSE and IEEE it points to outside guides. Its subject guides say which school usually recommends which style:
| Style at UQ | Schools and faculties UQ's pages name for it | Page it comes from |
|---|---|---|
| APA 7th | Business; Psychology; Education; Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; the Environment; Mathematics and Physics; Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences; Journalism, Communication and Digital Cultures; social sciences courses; Public Health; UQ College | Subject guides for management, psychology, education, physiotherapy, geography, mathematics, microbiology, journalism, criminology, public health, UQ College |
| APA or another style | Languages and Cultures (APA or MLA); Political Science and International Studies (APA 7th, or Chicago 18th notes for footnotes); Pharmacy (Vancouver or APA); Faculty of Science (APA 7th or Vancouver); Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work (APA or Vancouver) | Chinese studies, political science, pharmacy, veterinary science, social work law |
| Vancouver (AMA) | Dentistry; medicine, where it is "predominantly used" | Dentistry, medicine |
| AGLC4 | School of Law | University of Queensland Library (n.d.-h) |
| ACS | School of Chemistry | Forensic science |
| Chicago 18th author-date, CSE, IEEE | No school named | University of Queensland Library (n.d.-i) |
| No style set | Economics, which "does not recommend any particular styles" | Economics |
Where UQ's own pages disagree
- Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work. University of Queensland School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work (n.d.) names Harvard, APA or Vancouver as the school's preferred systems and stresses consistency; the Library's guide for the school names only APA and Vancouver (AMA).
- Chemistry. The forensic science guide names ACS for the School of Chemistry but links only APA 7th; the microbiology guide names APA 7th for Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences.
- Engineering, computer science, history, literature. No school style named: the course profile decides.
Can I still use UQ Harvard referencing?
Not with the Library's help. An archived copy of the Library's FAQ, captured in November 2025, said the UQ Harvard style "is no longer supported" and its guide no longer available, and told students to ask their course coordinator (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-o). That answer has since been taken down, and Harvard is missing from the referencing page. The one UQ page still naming Harvard, the nursing school's, does not say which version it means.
If a course asks for Harvard, ask which guide to follow. EdCitation's Harvard is the Cite Them Right version (see our Harvard referencing guide), which differs from Australian Harvards in punctuation and author lists.
What are UQ's APA 7th rules?
University of Queensland Library (n.d.-a) bases its APA guide on the Publication Manual, 7th edition, adding its own choices and examples. Our guide to APA 7 in-text citations covers the style in general.
In the text
- From three authors, the first surname and et al. in every citation, the first included (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-b).
- A group author with a known abbreviation: the full name with the abbreviation in square brackets the first time, the abbreviation alone after that; narrative citations read Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW, 2012). The list spells the name out.
- A quotation takes "p." or "pp."; without pages, a paragraph number, a heading or a time stamp (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-c). Forty words or more go in an indented block, double spaced, without quotation marks.
In the reference list
- Double spaced, hanging indents, alphabetical, never numbered; no font is required, though Calibri 11, Arial 11 and Times New Roman 12 are among those suggested (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-f).
- Every author up to 20; from 21, the first 19, an ellipsis, then the last.
- Sentence case for article, chapter, book and report titles; journal names in full, italic, with capitals.
- Full page numbers, written 121-138 in the guide's rule; "pp." for a book chapter, never for a journal article; "Article" and its number where there are no pages (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-d).
- No place of publication; "Inc." and "Publishers" dropped; no publisher when it is the author.
- A "last updated" date only when content clearly changed; "Retrieved Month Day, Year, from" only for pages designed to change, such as a dictionary entry.
- No site name when the author and site are the same (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-g).
Australian cases inside APA
The Publication Manual sends law to the Bluebook, which does not cover Australia, so UQ's APA guide bases its Australian cases on the AGLC, third edition: case name in italics, year, then volume, law report and first page (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-e). Law courses themselves use AGLC4 footnotes, which EdCitation does not build.
A worked example in UQ APA 7th
A three-author article, an eight-author article and an Australian Bureau of Statistics release, set as UQ's guide sets them. In the text:
Dravsnik et al. (2018) consider whether dogs can make trauma-focused therapy more acceptable to children. Hendra virus infection has been reported in a veterinarian (Hanna et al., 2006). The December 2024 estimates of each state's resident population (Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2025) are cited as (ABS, 2025) from then on.
Under "References", with hanging indents and double spacing:
Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2025, June 19). National, state and territory population, December 2024. https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/national-state-and-territory-population/dec-2024
Dravsnik, J., Signal, T., & Canoy, D. (2018). Canine co-therapy: The potential of dogs to improve the acceptability of trauma-focused therapies for children. Australian Journal of Psychology, 70(3), 208-216. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12199
Hanna, J. N., McBride, W. J., Brookes, D. L., Shield, J., Taylor, C. T., Smith, I. L., Craig, S. B., & Smith, G. A. (2006). Hendra virus infection in a veterinarian. Medical Journal of Australia, 185(10), 562-564. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00692.x
The date is the one the ABS page shows, "Released 19/06/2025"; the site name goes because the Bureau is the author; a dated release takes no retrieval date. All eight Hanna authors are listed, while the text uses et al.
What are UQ's Vancouver (AMA) rules?
University of Queensland Library (n.d.-j) bases its Vancouver on the AMA Manual of Style, in a guide adapted with permission from James Cook University's. EdCitation's Vancouver follows the National Library of Medicine's Citing Medicine, so expect hand changes; our Vancouver referencing guide covers that version.
- Superscript Arabic numbers with no brackets, in order of first citation, outside full stops and commas, inside colons and semicolons (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-l).
- Runs joined by a hyphen, 2-5,7,10, with no spaces; a page inside the citation as 1(p23).
- One to six authors, all named; more than six, the first three and "et al." (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-k).
- Journal titles abbreviated as in the NLM catalogue, in italics; then Year;volume(issue):pages, pages in full; the DOI as doi:10.xxx, or else "Accessed" with the date and the URL (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-m).
- Dates as Month DD, YYYY, and "Date unknown" when there is none.
- A web page: author, page title, site title, date, "Updated" date, "Accessed" date, URL, with no author when it is the site (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-n).
The two sources in UQ's Vancouver:
Hanna JN, McBride WJ, Brookes DL, et al. Hendra virus infection in a veterinarian. Med J Aust. 2006;185(10):562-564. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00692.x
National, state and territory population, December 2024. Australian Bureau of Statistics. June 19, 2025. Accessed October 2, 2026. https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/national-state-and-territory-population/dec-2024
The first matches UQ's own example.
Which EdCitation style is closest, and what do you change by hand?
Our runs, quoted below, needed these changes.
| UQ style | Build it in | Change by hand |
|---|---|---|
| APA 7th | APA 7 | Add the [ABS]-style abbreviation to a group author's first citation; check a web page's author and date before building. EdCitation prints APA's en dash in page ranges; UQ's rule shows a hyphen and its examples use both. |
| Vancouver (AMA) | Vancouver | Three names then "et al." over six authors; drop month and day; pages in full; "doi:" with no space or final full stop; italic journal; superscript numbers, not (1). Web pages: remove "[Internet]", "[cited …]" and "Available from:", add "Accessed" and the date. |
| MLA 9th, Chicago 18th author-date, IEEE | MLA 9, Chicago 18 author-date, IEEE | Same editions; compare with UQ's examples, or for IEEE with the IEEE Reference Guide UQ links. |
| Harvard | Harvard | No UQ guide exists: ask which version the course wants. |
| AGLC4, Chicago 18th notes, ACS, CSE, ABC Style Guide, Music style sheet | Not built | EdCitation builds six styles only; write these from UQ's guides. |
Building a UQ reference list, step by step
- Find the style in the course profile. EdCitation's Check your paper reads assessment instructions into a checklist, the citation style included, each rule shown with the sentence it came from.
- Look each source up by DOI, title, ISBN or web address in Cite a source and choose the nearest style.
- For a web page, correct the author and date in the form before the entry is built.
- Make the hand changes in the table above, with UQ's examples as the pattern.
- Paste the list into Verify references and settle every "check this" at the source.
What did EdCitation return on UQ sources?
Cite a source is the best place to start a UQ list because it never writes a reference: it looks each source up in the publisher's record (for a web page, the page itself), sets it in APA 7, MLA 9, Chicago 18 author-date, Harvard, IEEE or Vancouver, and screens it for retraction. A chatbot has no record behind what it prints; every entry below came from Crossref or the page. It is free, with no account. EdCitation never writes any part of a student's paper: the reading, the argument and every sentence stay the student's own, and EdCitation supplies the checked record behind each reference. We ran two DOIs and an Australian page on 2 October 2026.
Cite a source on two articles and an ABS page
For DOI 10.1111/ajpy.12199, APA returned:
Dravsnik, J., Signal, T., & Canoy, D. (2018). Canine co-therapy: The potential of dogs to improve the acceptability of trauma-focused therapies for children. Australian Journal of Psychology, 70(3), 208–216. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12199
That is UQ's form, en dash aside. UQ's own example of this article leaves out the issue and prints the DOI as "https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12199" (University of Queensland Library, n.d.-f). Vancouver ended "Aust J Psychol. 2018 Sep 1;70(3):208-16. doi: 10.1111/ajpy.12199." where UQ's form ends "2018;70(3):208-216. doi:10.1111/ajpy.12199".
For DOI 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00692.x, APA listed all eight authors, as UQ asks, and suggested "(Hanna et al., 2006)". Vancouver gave six names and "et al." where UQ wants three, and "2006 Nov;185(10):562-4. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00692.x."
For the ABS page by its address, the first APA entry read:
National, state and territory population, December 2024. (n.d.). Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved October 2, 2026, from https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/national-state-and-territory-population/dec-2024
The page's release date was not picked up. Entering the Bureau as author and 19 June 2025 as the date in the form gave the worked example's entry, with no site name and no retrieval date: UQ's form. Its in-text suggestion, "(Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2025)", needs [ABS] added by hand the first time.
Verify references on eight of UQ's own examples
We pasted eight entries copied from UQ's APA and Vancouver guides. Verify references found six verified, one "check this", one it could not check, and none not found:
- Dravsnik (doubled prefix and all), Kerrigan and Kingdon, Osman, and Hanna in AMA form: verified, "The DOI resolves to this record and the title matches." The issue numbers missing from UQ's Dravsnik and Kerrigan examples are still yours to add.
- Lowrie and Diezmann, with no DOI: verified, "Title, year and first author match a published record."
- Snowdon's Medicine Today article in AMA form: verified, "The page is at this address, and its title matches."
- Shapiro and Cowan's American Migraine Foundation page: "check this", "The address works, but the page there has a different title. Check it is the page meant." Rightly: the page is titled "Caffeine and Migraine", and UQ's title is a heading further down.
- Montevento Holdings Pty Ltd v Scaffidi, with UQ's address https://www-westlaw-com-au/: "The page at this address did not answer. Check it in a browser." It reported a failed check, not a missing case.
For a whole assignment, References from a file, part of Pro at $8 a month, checks every reference in the uploaded paper and matches each in-text citation to the list; see pricing.
Quick questions
Does UQ still use Harvard referencing?
UQ Library no longer supports UQ Harvard and lists no Harvard guide. The nursing school's page still names Harvard, so ask the course coordinator which version.
Which referencing style does UQ psychology use?
APA. The Library's psychology guide says the School of Psychology usually recommends APA and links the APA 7th guide.
Is UQ Vancouver the same as NLM Vancouver?
No. UQ's Vancouver follows the AMA Manual of Style: superscript numbers without brackets, three authors then "et al." over six, and pages in full.
Can EdCitation build AGLC4 or Chicago notes for UQ?
No. EdCitation's Cite a source builds APA 7, MLA 9, Chicago 18 author-date, Harvard, IEEE and Vancouver; AGLC4, Chicago notes, ACS and CSE are written by hand.
Does EdCitation write any part of my assignment?
No. EdCitation finds, cites and checks sources; the ideas, the argument and every sentence remain the student's own work.
References
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-a). APA 7th referencing style: About APA 7th. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/apa7
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-b). APA 7th referencing style: Author information. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/apa7/author-info
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-c). APA 7th referencing style: In-text references. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/apa7/in-text
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-d). APA 7th referencing style: Journal article. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/apa7/journal-articles
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-e). APA 7th referencing style: Legal sources. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/apa7/legal-sources
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-f). APA 7th referencing style: Reference list. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/apa7/reference-list
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-g). APA 7th referencing style: Webpage. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/apa7/webpage
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-h). Australian Guide to Legal Citation 4th edition: General rules. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/AGLC4
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-i). Referencing style guides. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-j). Vancouver (AMA) referencing style: About Vancouver referencing style. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/vancouver-ama
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-k). Vancouver (AMA) referencing style: General information. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/vancouver-ama/general
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-l). Vancouver (AMA) referencing style: In-text citations. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/vancouver-ama/in-text-citations
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-m). Vancouver (AMA) referencing style: Journal articles. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/vancouver-ama/journals
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-n). Vancouver (AMA) referencing style: Webpages. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/vancouver-ama/webpages
- University of Queensland Library. (n.d.-o). Where can I find UQ Harvard reference style? Archived 4 November 2025. https://web.archive.org/web/20251104040728/https://support.my.uq.edu.au/app/library/answers/detail/a_id/3277
- University of Queensland School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work. (n.d.). Referencing. https://nmsw.uq.edu.au/referencing-0